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Generators

Permanent magnet generators in the trend

When the use of wind energy will also increase the installed capacity. (Photo: ABB)
With increasing use of wind energy will also increase the performance of wind turbines. ABB shows the main types are the turbines there at all and where the trend is going in the generator technology.

Still to be installed for offshore wind turbines, especially turbines with a size of 3 to 5 MW, while onshore dominate at the annual installation nor system sizes of 1.5 to 2 MW. But is the growing use of wind energy will increase significantly in the future, the installed plant capacity offshore, more than 5 MW. But not only the performance but also the hub height and rotor diameter will increase to be more flexible to adapt to environmental conditions.

What also emerges: as offshore facilities must comply completely different, much more complex requirements will be built here a separate segment with a separate research and development. Already, some manufacturers follow different concepts for the onshore and offshore.

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In new developments, already shows a trend towards full inverter and a permanent magnet generator (PM-generator). But why? For turbine developers the advantages are obvious: lower maintenance costs and easy ways to meet the grid code.

A distinction is currently four main types of turbines – including the doubly-fed technology that works without a PM-generators. For this proven concept from onshore facilities Asynchronschliefring generators are used.

Trend to full converter with permanent magnet generator
For drive systems with full inverter typically synchronous (permanent magnet) can be – and asynchronous use. The total energy produced in this case flows through the Inverter to the grid.

The most widely used type of turbine for offshore installations is at present the concept with full inverter and high-speed asynchronous generators. Even a high-speed PM generator can be used for that type. Whether induction or PM generator: this robust approach is mostly used for power from 2 to 5 MW and is similar to the mechanical type with double feed. Therefore, it can theoretically be used also for the conversion of such a facility.
25.10.2010
Generators

Permanent magnet generators in the trend

When the use of wind energy will also increase the installed capacity. (Photo: ABB)
With increasing use of wind energy will also increase the performance of wind turbines. ABB shows the main types are the turbines there at all and where the trend is going in the generator technology.

When using a full scale, a distinction also generators at medium speed (500 rpm) and those with low speed. Both concepts PM-generators are used – at medium speed, however, a gearbox is integrated or coupled. For gearless concept at low speed a low-speed generator is used with large diameter. The lower the speed, the lower and the mechanical wear.